Secular Treatment Methods
by Bryan Carlson
“Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common type of talk therapy (psychotherapy). You work with a mental health counselor (psychotherapist or therapist) in a structured way, attending a limited number of sessions. CBT helps you become aware of inaccurate or negative thinking so you can view challenging situations more clearly and respond to them in a more effective way” (Roy 13).
The process of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) typically involves a series of steps aimed at helping individuals address and overcome their problems. One of the initial steps involves identifying negative thoughts and beliefs that may be contributing to their difficulties. With the help of a therapist, individuals can recognize negative thought patterns and beliefs that may be harmful to their mental health. The next step involves challenging these negative thoughts and beliefs by examining the evidence for and against them and replacing them with more rational and realistic thinking. This helps individuals develop a more positive and accurate perspective on their problems. Finally, individuals are encouraged to practice new thinking and behaviors in their everyday lives. Through practice and repetition, they can reinforce positive changes and maintain progress.
When evaluating cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) from a biblical perspective, the first area to consider is the focus on self, as CBT emphasizes changing one's own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors rather than seeking help and guidance from God (Proverbs 3:5-6). This can lead to self-reliance instead of relying on God's power and grace (Philippians 4:13). Secondly, CBT relies on the use of the natural mind and reasoning to challenge and change negative thoughts and beliefs (Romans 12:2). While we are given the ability to think and reason, it's important to recognize that the natural mind is limited and prone to error (Isaiah 55:8-9). It is through the Holy Spirit that we are able to discern the truth (1 Corinthians 2:14-15). Lastly, while CBT can be effective in changing negative thoughts and beliefs, it does not address deeper spiritual issues such as sin, guilt, and shame, or provide guidance for a life lived in obedience to God's will (Romans 3:23-24, John 14:15). Scripture teaches that we need a Savior to address the root cause of our struggles and to guide us in our daily lives (John 16:13). Therefore, a biblical evaluation of CBT should recognize its limitations and emphasize the need for a holistic approach that includes spiritual growth and transformation through a relationship with Christ.
Biogenic theory of mood disorders: “Biogenic amine hypothesis (BAH) is the theory that defects in the physiology and metabolism of biogenic amines, especially catecholamines (noradrenaline/ norepinephrine and dopamine) and an indoleamine (serotonin), are pathogenetically linked to certain psychiatric illnesses, especially depression. The BAH arose from the discovery that monoamine oxidase inhibitors and tricyclic drugs had mood elevating properties and had a dramatic effect on brain monoamine functions; that phenothiazines inhibit cerebral dopamine activity further support this theory and suggest a link between a disorder of dopamine metabolism and schizophrenia” (Roy 13).
The term "biogenic" refers to the chemical imbalance theory, which suggests that certain chemicals in the synaptic junctions between nerve cells are either too high or too low, resulting in mood disorders. This theory implies that these chemicals can be measured and their normal levels determined, with many attributing the imbalance to genetics. However, there is currently no scientific proof of any specific chemical imbalance in mood disorders, and studies have shown that medications targeting these chemicals are no more effective than placebos in many cases. Instead, specific physical imbalances in the body, such as low thyroid function or low potassium levels, can be proven and corrected through targeted treatment (Faith notes 42).
From a biblical perspective, addressing mood disorders should be focused on following God's principles and seeking His guidance, rather than solely relying on medication to correct chemical imbalances. The Word of God provides motivation and behavioral guidelines for needed changes (2 Timothy 3:16-17; Philippians 4:8), and the Holy Spirit provides the grace necessary for spiritual growth (Philippians 4:13). The goal is to please God, rather than simply reducing unpleasant feelings, by focusing on changing one's thinking and actions. By working on pleasing God through our thoughts and actions, our feelings will ultimately follow (Romans 12:2; Colossians 3:2). Therefore, a biblical approach emphasizes the importance of addressing the root cause of the problem, rather than solely treating the symptoms through medication (Faith notes 42).
“Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a procedure, done under general anesthesia, in which small electric currents are passed through the brain, intentionally triggering a brief seizure. ECT seems to cause changes in brain chemistry that can quickly reverse symptoms of certain mental health conditions. It is conducted for severe depression and severe mania” (Roy 13).
An evaluation of ECT from a biblical perspective must consider its alignment with the teachings of the Bible. Firstly, ECT involves the use of physical means to treat mental illness rather than addressing the root cause of the problem through spiritual disciplines and the Word of God. Secondly, ECT has limitations, including the potential for serious side effects such as memory loss and cognitive impairment and may not be effective for all patients. Finally, the use of a physical procedure to treat mental illness raises ethical questions regarding the value of human life and the use of medical procedures that may cause harm. Therefore, a biblical evaluation of ECT must consider these factors and weigh them against the principles taught in the Bible. While ECT may provide some relief for certain patients with severe mental illnesses, it is important to recognize that it is a medical procedure with potential risks and limitations. A biblical perspective on mental health would emphasize the importance of seeking help from a community of Believers, guidance from biblical counselors, and considering alternative forms of treatment that may address the root cause of the problem in a non-invasive manner.
